A Catalogue of Foibles

I’m not often moved to write book reviews in these pages, and I’m not actually reviewing one today, either, as my own copy is still on order; but I do want to pass on a pointer to what looks like an exceptional book: a New York Times review that had me purchasing the book from Powell’s within the hour (an impulse I often have but am usually able to resist).

The book? Reading the OED: One Man, One Year, 21,730 Pages, by Ammon Shea (223 pp. Perigee. $21.95). Yes, Shea did indeed read the entire Oxford English Dictionary, from beginning to end, and chronicled his experience in his new book, noting that the OED is, in fact, “a catalog of the foibles of the human condition.”

From the review by Nicholson Baker:

Shea decided to make the attempt and to record his progress in this book. Each letter gets its own chapter. In Chapter A the volumes arrive, wrapped in the “regal and chitinous gloss” of their dust jackets. Shea sits near the window, his feet up on an ottoman, and begins to read. Difficulties ensue. He gets pulsing headaches and sees gray patches on the edges of his vision. His back bothers him. His neighbors make salt cod, and the odor is distracting. He’s tempted to look things up in his other dictionaries, comparing definitions, which slows his progress.

So he ventures out into the city, reading on park benches and in public libraries. No place is right. Finally he settles on a location in the basement of the Hunter College library, among books in French that don’t tempt him away from the task at hand. He drinks many thermosfuls of coffee. He gets eyeglasses and finds, much to his surprise, that they help him see better. His headaches continue.

That introduction leaves most book people nodding in agreement: Yeah, I can picture myself there, doing that (though I’d choose a language other than French to provide for a lack of distraction — Urdu, perhaps, or Swahili); but I know I’d falter where Shea pressed on.

Shea arrives at another bad patch partway through Chapter U, with the “un-” section — more than 400 pages of words of self-evident meaning. “I am near catatonic,” he writes, “bored out of my mind.” But he doesn’t skip; he is lashed to the tiller, unthimbled and unthrashed.

There is beauty in it nonetheless; as Baker himself concludes, “Shea has walked the wildwood of our gnarled, ancient speech and returned singing incomprehensible sounds in a language that turns out to be our own.”

I’m glad that Shea read the OED and even more pleased that he shared this experience with the world; I’m grateful to the NYT to have opened my eyes to this treasure (one hesitates to think how many equally terrific books have passed one by because one simply didn’t know of their existence!). And I’m looking forward to reading it (Shea’s work, not the OED, thank you very much).

Not to mention Nicholson Baker’s own most recent book … but I’m getting ahead of both my reading and my budget! In any case, check out the possibilities of learning more about your own language and you’ll be … beyond the elements of style!

Posted in Books, Words, Language on August 4th, 2008

Subjunctive, Anyone?

A client recently confessed to me, “I wouldn’t know the subjunctive if it bit me on the nose!” He sounded, if anything, somewhat pleased with the assertion, and part of me mourned as I heard it … just as I mourn the passing of any part of the language I love so well.

It reminded me of a conversation with Terry Bates, publisher of a wonderful series of ESL books, and I happily received Terry’s permission to reprint that conversation here:

Many people insist that English use the subjunctive mood more. This will probably never happen looking at the tendency during the last one hundred years. Other languages still heavily apply the subjunctive and this can be an essential learning experience for English speakers who usually have a weak subjunctive understanding.

First of all, you must remember that the subjunctive is not a verb tense in the sense of directly expressing time. Rather, it tries more to express attitude or manner. For that reason it is called mood.

The structure of the subjunctive in English is very easy in relation to other languages. It usually uses the root or base form and that’s it. Other languages go through very complicated conjugations of which are sometimes even difficult for native speakers. Even modern English has some complicated subjunctive structures. Many wish that the subjunctive were easier to understand.

In the examples that you give (”If she finish the day without company,” “unless she be blonde,” and “whether he do it or not”), they all express condition. If, unless, and whether communicate a sense of condition. Put into their historical context, they are put into a subjunctive mood.

Modal auxiliaries are related to mood. Notice that the word modal comes from the word mood. With the modal auxiliaries we express requests, possibilities, necessities, intentions, ability, etc. The English language has developed a very complicated and intricate use of modals for daily expression. This could be a answer to the slow loss of the subjunctive mood.

Mood and modals expose a very interesting aspect of language. They go beyond the superficial act of simple communication and begin to reveal the human condition. They reflect a people, their culture and the way they deal with each other. By fully understanding mood and modals, you begin to be more aware of the language and life of a society whether it be in the historical past or in the present.

The use of mood and modals is in constant change reflecting the change of society and the communication it demands. Even though many people feel that it is necessary that language stay static, changes within the English language reflect modifications that have taken place with the cultural demands of its speakers. Language changes just don’t happen illogically. They are due to cultural and historical reasons which in many cases are deeply hidden within tradition and trends of a society.

May the subjunctive live forever!

Terry Bates
terrybates@andeanwinds.com
www.terrybates.andeanwinds.com

And I think you’ll agree that Terry Bates (and Andean Winds!) is far … beyond the elements of style!

Posted in About Writing, Grammar, Words, Language on June 11th, 2008